Gastos do próprio bolso de usuários em hemodiálise no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Gastos de bolsillo de usuarios de hemodiálisis en el sur de Rio Grande do Sul / Out-of-pocket expenses of hemodialysis users in the south of Rio Grande do Sul

Objetivo: relatar os gastos do próprio bolso das pessoas com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise em seis serviços de terapia de substituição renal da metade sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo quantitativo, originado de uma macropesquisa, realizado com usuários em hemodiálise, atendidos em seis serviços de terapia renal substitutiva da metade sul do Rio Grande do Sul. As variáveis coletadas do questionário estruturado tiverama finalidade de identificar os gastos do próprio bolso dos usuários. Os dados foram analisados utilizando os softwares Epidata e Stata. Resultados: a maioria dos 336 usuários era sexo masculino, entre 60 e79 anos, com salários-mínimos entre um e dois. Os maiores gastos do próprio bolso encontrados foram o pagamento pelos medicamentos necessários para o tratamento. Conclusões: mesmo com benefícios do sistema de saúde e políticas necessitavam recorrer aos próprios recursos para garantir saúde e uma vida digna.

Objective: to report the out-of-pocket expenses of people with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in six renal replacement therapy services in the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: quantitative descriptive studycarried out with hemodialysis users, served in six replacement renal therapy services from the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul. The variables collected from the structured questionnaire had the purpose of identifying the spending of users' own pockets. The data were analyzed using Epidata and Stata software.Results: the majority of the 336 users were male, between 60 and 79 years old, with minimum wages between one and two. The biggest out-of-pocket expenses found were paying for the medicines needed for treatment. Conclusions: even with benefits from the health system and policies, they needed to resort to their own resources to guarantee health and a dignified life.

Objetivo: reportar gastos de bolsillo de personas con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en seis servicios de terapia de reemplazo renal en la mitad sur de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: estudio descriptivo cuantitativo, originado a partir de una macroinvestigación, realizada con usuarios de hemodiálisis, atendidos en seis servicios de terapia renal de reemplazo. Las variables recolectadas del cuestionario estructurado tenían el propósito de identificarel gasto de los usuarios. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el software Epidata y Stata. Resultados: la mayoría de los 336 usuarios eran hombres, entre 60 y 79 años, con salarios mínimos entre uno y dos. Los mayores gastos de bolsillo encontrados fueron el pago de los medicamentos necesarios para el tratamiento. Conclusiones: incluso con beneficios del sistema y las políticas de salud, necesitaban recurrir a recursos propios para garantizar la salud y una vida digna.

Investigation of the protective effect of boric acid against hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic injury induced by acrylamide in rats / Investigación del efecto protector del ácido bórico contra lesiones hepatotóxicas y nefrotóxicas inducidas por acrilamida en ratas

SUMMARY: To investigate if the administration of boric acid (BA) would exert any protective effect against possible nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by the exposure to acrylamide (ACR) in rats. In our study, we used a total of 28 rats that were divided into four equal groups. Group 1: the control group which was not treated with any procedure. Group 2: the ACR group that was administered ACR 50 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal (i.p) route for 14 days. Group 3: the BA group that was administered BA 200 mg/kg/ day via gavage via peroral (p.o) route for 14 days. Group 4: the ACR+BA group that was administered BA simultaneously with ACR. Total antioxidant and oxidant (TAS/TOS) capacities were measured in all groups at the end of the experiment. In addition, the specimens obtained were evaluated with histopathological examination. Studies showed that the ACR and ACr+BA groups were not significantly different in terms of hepatic TAS level while the TOS level was higher in the ACR group than the ACR+BA group. The groups did not show any significant difference regarding renal TAS and TOS levels. In the histopathological examination of the hepatic tissue, the histopathological injury score of the ACR group was significantly higher than those of the other groups whereas it was significantly lower in the ACR+BA group than the ACR group. Our study concluded that Boric acid had a protective effect against acrylamide- induced hepatotoxicity, but not against nephrotoxicity.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar si la administración de ácido bórico (BA) ejercería algún efecto protector frente a la posible nefrotoxicidad y hepatotoxicidad inducida por la exposición a acrilamida (ACR) en ratas. En nuestro estudio, utilizamos un total de 28 ratas que se dividieron en cuatro grupos iguales. Grupo 1: grupo control que no fue tratado. Grupo 2: grupo ACR al que se le administró ACR 50 mg/kg/día por vía intraperitoneal (i.p) durante 14 días. Grupo 3: grupo BA al que se le administró BA 200 mg/kg/día por sonda por vía peroral (p.o) durante 14 días. Grupo 4: grupo ACR+BA al que se administró BA simultáneamente con ACR. Las capacidades antioxidantes y oxidantes totales (TAS/TOS) se midieron en todos los grupos al final del experimento. Además, los especímenes obtenidos fueron evaluados con examen histopatológico. Los estudios demostraron que los grupos ACR y ACr+BA no fueron significativamente diferentes en términos del nivel hepático de TAS, mientras que el nivel de TOS fue mayor en el grupo ACR que en el grupo ACR+BA. Los grupos no mostraron ninguna diferencia significativa con respecto a los niveles renales de TAS y TOS. En el examen histopatológico del tejido hepático, la puntuación de lesión histopatológica del grupo ACR fue significativamente mayor que la de los otros grupos, mientras que fue significativamente menor en el grupo ACR+BA que en el grupo ACR. Nuestro estudio concluyó que el ácido bórico tiene un efecto protector contra la hepatotoxicidad inducida por acrilamida, pero no contra la nefrotoxicidad.

Serum Amyloid A Levels and Severity of COVID-19 in Children

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the availability of serum amyloid A (SAA) in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to asses disease severity and to predict hospitalization status. Methods: Between March, 2020 and March, 2021, a total of 80 children (40 cases with COVID-19 and 40 cases in healthy group) were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups (mild and moderate/severe) to evaluate SAA levels in terms of clinical severity and also hospitalization status. Results: Comparisons between the two groups revealed that median SAA values were significantly higher in children with COVID-19 than in their healthy peers (21.45vs3.05 mg/L, P=0.002). There was no significant difference in the median serum SAA levels between mild and moderate/severe clinical disease (P=0.837). The SAA difference between the two groups with regards to hospitalization was not statistically significant (P=0.098). Conclusions: Although SAA level was found to be higher in children with COVID 19 compared to healthy controls, the sensitivity of SAA for the disease was found to be low. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in terms of clinical severity.

Medical and non-medical factors that influence the kidney transplantation technical registry: a cross-sectional study / Fatores clínicos e não clínicos que influenciam o cadastro técnico para transplante renal: estudo transversa

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem, because of its association with an elevated risk of mortality, low quality of life, and prohibitive cost to the health system. OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors that might influence the kidney transplantation technical registry. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of descriptive analysis conducted in six dialysis health care centers in the south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Patients over 18 years of age were included in this study in 2016 and 2017. The demographic and clinical variables were subjected to Pearson's chi-square test using Stata Software for statistical analysis. Research approved by the Ethics Committee 1386385. RESULTS: Of 314 participants, 228 (72.6%) were not on the kidney transplantation technical registry. The medical and non-medical factors with statistical significance were age (p<0.01), income (p<0.01), having children (p=0.01), time since diagnosis (p=0.01), and time on hemodialysis (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: There is a substantial proportion of 72.6% of hemodialysis patients not registered on the kidney transplantation technical registry. The identification of factors that influence the kidney transplantation technical registry contributes both theoretically and to healthcare management, by the health team and government who can direct strategies towards the most appropriate health care. Health professionals should be aware of the impact of these factors and how the factors might pose a risk of complications that make it impossible to register on the kidney transplantation waiting list.

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública mundial, pois está associada ao alto risco de mortalidade, baixa qualidade de vida e elevado custo ao sistema de saúde. OBJETIVO: Identificar os possíveis fatores que podem influenciar o acesso ao cadastro técnico para transplante renal. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de análise descritiva realizado em seis serviços de diálise da Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Participaram desse estudo pacientes maiores de 18 anos nos anos de 2016 e 2017. As variáveis demográficas e clínicas foram submetidas ao teste qui-quadrado de Pearson utilizando o Software Stata para a análise estatística. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética 1.386385. RESULTADOS: dos 314 pacientes em hemodiálise 228 (72,6%) não estavam no cadastro técnico para transplante renal. Os fatores clínicos e não clínicos que apresentaram significância estatística foram: idade (p<0,01), renda (p<0,01) possuir filhos (p=0,01), tempo de diagnóstico (p=0,01) e tempo em hemodiálise (p=0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Há uma proporção substancial de 72,6% pacientes em hemodiálise que não estão no cadastro técnico para transplante renal. A identificação dos fatores que influenciam no cadastro contribui tanto gerencial quanto teoricamente pois, possibilita que a equipe de saúde e os gestores possam direcionar estratégias para o cuidado em saúde mais adequado. Os profissionais de saúde devem estar cientes do impacto que esses fatores exercem e que podem oferecer risco de complicações que inviabilizem o cadastro técnico para transplante renal.

The Challenges of Implementing a Text Message Intervention to Promote Behavioral Change in Primary Care Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes

Abstract Background Controlling blood pressure and glycemic levels is a challenge that requires innovative solutions. Objective To assess the feasibility of implementing a text message intervention among low-income primary care patients, as well as to assess self-reported behavioral change. Methods A set of 200 text messages was developed on healthy eating, physical activity, adherence, and motivation. Participants from Vale do Mucuri, MG, Brazil diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension or undergoing screening for those diseases, received 5 to 8 messages per week for 6 months. They answered a questionnaire to report their satisfaction and behavioral changes. Results Of the 136 patients, 117 (86.0%) answered the questionnaire. Most reported that the messages were very useful (86.3%), easy to understand (90.6%), and were very helpful for behavioral change (65.0%); 84.6% reported that they had started eating healthier. The most frequent reported lifestyle changes were: improved diet quality (85.5%), reduced portions (65.8%), and weight loss (56.4%). The majority of patients shared the messages (60.7%) with family or other acquaintances, considered the number of messages to be adequate (89.7%) and would recommend the program to others (95.7%). Conclusion An intervention based on text messages to promote behavioral change in patients with hypertension or diabetes in primary care is feasible in low-resource settings. Future studies are needed to assess the program's long-term effects on clinical outcomes.

Effect of laboratory and chairside polishing methods on the surface topography of occlusal splint materials manufactured using conventional, subtractive and additive digital technologies / Efeito de métodos de polimento em laboratório e em consultório na topografia de superfície de materiais de splint oclusal fabricados usando tecnologias digitais convencionais, subtrativas e aditivas

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou as propriedades de polimento dos materiais de splint oclusal obtidos usando métodos de fabricação subtrativos e aditivos com os procedimentos de polimento laboratorial (LP) e polimento em consultório (CP). Material e Métodos: As amostras (N=180, n=60 para cada grupo) foram fabricadas usando um dos seguintes métodos: método de fabricação subtrativo (SMM) (M-PM Disc, Merz Dental GmbH), método de fabricação aditivo (AMM) (Freeprint Splint 2.0, DETAX GmbH & Co. KG) e o método de fabricação convencional (CMM) (Promolux HC, Merz Dental GmbH). Seguindo os procedimentos de LP e CP, a rugosidade da superfície dos espécimes foi medida usando um perfilômetro de superfície digital. Um espécime representativo foi selecionado de cada grupo, e uma imagem de microscópio eletrônico de varredura (SEM) foi obtida. Resultados: Tanto o método de fabricação quanto os procedimentos de polimento afetaram significativamente os resultados (P<0,01). Os termos de interação também foram significativos (P<0,001). Conclusão: Com ambos os métodos de polimento, a rugosidade superficial do grupo AMM foi a maior e a do grupo CMM a menor. Embora o procedimento CP tenha sido mais eficaz do que LP com ambos os métodos, a rugosidade da superfície ficou abaixo do limite de 0,2 µm após ambos os procedimentos de polimento testados (AU)

Objective: This study evaluated the polishing properties of the occlusal splint materials obtained using subtractive and additive manufacturing methods with the laboratory-type polishing (LP) and chairside-type polishing (CP) procedures. Material and Methods: Specimens (N=180, n=60 each group) were manufactured using one of the following methods: subtractive manufacturing method (SMM) (M-PM Disc, Merz Dental GmbH), additive manufacturing method (AMM) (Freeprint Splint 2.0, DETAX GmbH & Co. KG), and the conventional manufacturing method (CMM) (Promolux HC, Merz Dental GmbH). Following LP and CP procedures, surface roughness of the specimens was measured using a digital surface profilometer. One representative specimen was selected from each group, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image was made. Results: Both the manufacturing method and the polishing procedures significantly affected the results (P<0.01). Interaction terms were also significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: With both polishing methods, surface roughness of the AMM group was the highest and the CMM group the least. Although the CP procedure was more effective than LP with both methods, surface roughness was below the 0.2 µm threshold after both polishing procedures tested. (AU)

Reasons referred by individuals who were not on kidney transplantation waiting lists / Razones referidas por individuos que no estaban en lista de espera de trasplante renal / Motivos referidos pelos indivíduos que não estavam em lista de espera para o transplante renal

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the reasons reported by individuals in hemodialysis that were not registered on kidney transplantation waiting lists. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in six renal replacement therapy services in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil with 214 individuals undergoing hemodialysis who reported the reasons for not being registered on kidney transplantation waiting lists. The data collection was carried out through a questionnaire from March 2016 to March 2017. The Stata software was used to the statistical analysis and independence test. Results: The main reasons reported by the 214 individuals who were not registered on kidney transplantation waiting lists were due to the lack of information of the individuals, not wanting to be on list, due to morbidities and age. Conclusions: The lack of information was associated with the variables low education, male, ≤ 5 years of time since diagnosis and ≤ 5 years in renal replacement therapy. The reason for not wanting to be on the list was associated with the variables illiteracy and age.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir las razones informadas por personas en hemodiálisis que no estaban registradas en lista de espera para trasplante renal. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil en seis servicios de terapia sustitutiva renal con 214 individuos en hemodiálisis que informaron los motivos de no estar registrados en listade espera para trasplante renal. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario entre marzo de 2016 y marzo de 2017. Para el análisis estadístico descriptivo y test de independencia se utilizó el software Stata. Resultados: Las principales razones reportadas por las 214 personas que no estaban inscritas en listade espera para trasplante renal fueron la falta de información de las personas, no querer estar en lista, impedimento por multimorbilidad y edad. Conclusiones: La falta de información se asoció con las variables baja escolaridad, género masculino, ≤ 5 años de tiempo desde el diagnóstico y ≤ 5 años en terapia de reemplazo renal. El motivo de no querer estar en la lista estuvo asociado a las variables no saber leer y edad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever os motivos referidos pelos indivíduos em hemodiálise que não estavam cadastrados em lista de espera para o transplante renal. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil em seis serviços de terapia de substituição renal com 214 indivíduos em hemodiálise que referiram os motivos de não estarem cadastrados em lista de espera para o transplante renal. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário entre março de 2016 e março de 2017. Para a análise estatística descritiva e do teste de independência, utilizou-se o software Stata. Resultados: Os principais motivos referidos pelos 214 indivíduos que não estavam cadastrados em lista de espera para o transplante renal foram: a falta de informação dos indivíduos, não desejar estar em lista, o impedimento por multimorbidade e a idade. Conclusões: A falta de informação apresentou associação com as variáveis baixa escolaridade, sexo masculino, ≤ 5 anos de tempo de diagnóstico e ≤ 5 anos em terapia de substituição renal. O motivo não desejar estar em lista esteve associado com as variáveis não saber ler e idade.

Hemangioma of the mandible in a 12-year-old boy

@#Intraosseous hemangioma is a benign, rare neoplasm that accounts to 0.5 - 1% of all benign tumors of bones.1, 2 While most hemangiomas arise from soft tissues, it is uncommon for it to arise from bones.2 The most common sites of growth are in the vertebral body and the calvarium with frontal bone making up approximately 45% of calvarial cases.2,3 However, they are also encountered in the head and neck with sites such as the skull (53%), mandible (10.7%), nasal bones (9%), and cervical spine (6%).4 In the mandible, the body is mostly affected and 65% are found in the molar and premolar region.1 They are more common in adult females with peaks at the second and fifth decades of life.1-3 Hemangioma of the mandible is difficult to diagnose due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and radiographic features. It mimics various mass lesions in the mandible such as giant cell granuloma, fibrous dysplasia, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, ameloblastoma and keratocysts. Therefore, a comprehensive history taking and physical examination plus examination of the imaging studies available and tissue biopsy all play important roles in arriving at the final diagnosis.5 We present the case of an aggressive mandibular hemangioma in a young boy and our management involving a failed fibular free flap reconstruction.

A new hematologic predictor of major adverse events after cardiac surgery: red cell distribution width to lymphocyte ratio

Background@#The perioperative risk factors that cause severe morbidity and prolongation of postoperative hospital stay after cardiac surgery should be determined. Various scores have been used to predict morbidity and mortality. Preoperative blood counts are considered potential biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Inflammatory and immune imbalances may have a significant impact on postoperative adverse events. The present study aimed to investigate the association and potential predictive properties of red cell distribution width/ lymphocyte ratio (RLR) for major adverse events in adult patients who underwent coronary surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. @*Methods@#After approval from the ethics committee, pre- and post-operative data of 700 patients were obtained from the electronic database of the hospital, intra- and post-operative anesthesia, and intensive care unit follow-up charts. We performed a stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis to investigate the association of RLR with major adverse events in adult patients who underwent coronary surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. @*Results@#Among 700 patients, 47 (6.7%) had major adverse events after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.12; P < 0.001), mean platelet volume (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.07–2.06; P = 0.017), and RLR (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02–1.43; P = 0.026) were significantly associated with major adverse events. @*Conclusions@#RLR indicates the balance between inflammatory and immune responses. Therefore, it can be used to predict adverse events following coronary surgery.

Association of socio-demographic factors and likelihood of depression with family function among community – dwelling elderly

Background and Objective@#A positive family functionality is a significant factor to a good quality of life in the elderly. This study sought to determine the factors that contribute to family dysfunction among community-dwelling older persons.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was done among community-dwelling elderly ages 60 years old and above through the outpatient department of a tertiary government hospital. A researcher-assisted interview was done to gather socio-demographic factors such as age, sex, family type, and, GDS-S score, and family APGAR. Multiple linear regression analysis was done to determine the association of the said socio-demographic factors and likelihood of depression through GDS-S with family function through family APGAR.@*Results@#Among the 309 respondents, the average age of respondents was 69 years(SD=6.53), with female predominance of 61.8%, and a higher frequency of older persons belonging to an extended family. The mean GDS-S score is 1.69(SD=1.83), with a frequency of 13.9%. A very minimal percentage of 8.06% (25, N=309) showed to exhibit family dysfunction. Regression studies revealed association of advancing age, and female sex with family dysfunction. The type of family, and GDS-S are not significantly associated with family dysfunction.@*Conclusion@#Advancing age and female sex are associated with family dysfunction. There is no specific family type that is significantly associated with family dysfunction. Likelihood of depression does not necessarily imply family dysfunction in an elderly.

Influence of social determinants of health in family-effectiveness / Influencia de los determinantes sociales de la salud en la eficacia familiar / Influência dos determinantes sociais da saúde na eficácia familiar / Influence of social determinants of health in family-effectiveness

Introduction: The Social Determinants of Health are defined by the living conditions of the population, how they are born, grow, live, work and age, and are considered as the main responsible for the health of populations. Objective: To evaluate the influence of social determinants of health on effectiveness of family functioning. Materials and Methods: A quantitative study was carried out with 200 participants between 2017 and 2018. To assess the correlation between proximal, intermediate and distal social determinants of health and the level of effectiveness of family functioning, home visits were made to 100 families who responded the Assessment of strategies in Family Effectiveness instrument and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed by simple frequency, Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ) (p <0.05), and subjected to descriptive analysis from the perspective of systemic organization. Results: The social determinants that showed a positive correlation coefficient with the level of effectiveness of family functioning were the years of study and the fixed family income. There was a negative correlation with the main source of income (number of occupations) or source of income and the presence of other members or relatives in the family. Discussion: Investments in education can improve the family's ability to organize, solve or prevent adverse events, increase income and provide more time for family relationships and the achievement of congruence, as evidenced by other authors. Conclusions: The proximal and intermediate social determinants of health influenced the level of effectiveness of family functioning.

Introducción: Los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud están definidos por las condiciones de vida de la población, cómo nacen, crecen, viven, trabajan y envejecen, y son considerados como los principales responsables de la salud de las poblaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de los determinantes sociales de la salud en la efectividad del funcionamiento familiar. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con 200 participantes entre 2017 y 2018. Para evaluar la correlación entre los determinantes sociales de salud proximales, intermedios y distales y el nivel de efectividad del funcionamiento familiar, se realizaron visitas domiciliarias a 100 familias que respondieron el instrumento Evaluación de estrategias en Efectividad Familiar y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los datos fueron analizados por frecuencia simple, coeficiente de correlación de Spearman ( ρ ) (p <0,05 ), y sometidos a análisis descriptivo desde la perspectiva de la organización sistémica. Resultados: Los determinantes sociales que mostraron un coeficiente de correlación positivo con el nivel de efectividad del funcionamiento familiar fueron los años de estudio y el ingreso familiar fijo. Hubo una correlación negativa con la principal fuente de ingresos (número de ocupaciones) o fuente de ingresos y la presencia de otros miembros o familiares en la familia. Discusión: Las inversiones en educación pueden mejorar la capacidad de la familia para organizarse, solucionar o prevenir eventos adversos, aumentar los ingresos y brindar más tiempo para las relaciones familiares y el logro de la congruencia, como lo evidencian otros autores. Conclusiones: Los determinantes sociales proximales e intermedios de la salud influyeron en el nivel de efectividad del funcionamiento familiar.

Introdução: Os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde são definidos pelas condições de vida da população, como nascem, crescem, vivem, trabalham e envelhecem, sendo considerados como os principais responsáveis pela saúde das populações. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência dos determinantes sociais da saúde na eficácia do funcionamento familiar. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo com 200 participantes entre 2017 e 2018. Para avaliar a correlação entre os determinantes sociais proximais, intermediários e distais da saúde e o nível de eficácia do funcionamento familiar, foram realizadas visitas domiciliares a 100 famílias que responderam o instrumento Avaliação de estratégias em eficácia familiar e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os dados foram analisados por frequência simples, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman ( ρ ) (p < 0,05 ), e submetidos à análise descritiva sob a ótica da organização sistêmica. Resultados: Os determinantes sociais que apresentaram um coeficiente de correlação positiva com o nível de efetividade do funcionamento familiar foram os anos de estudo e a renda familiar fixa. Houve correlação negativa com a principal fonte de renda (número de ocupações) ou fonte de renda e a presença de outros membros ou parentes na família. Discussão: Investimentos em educação podem melhorar a capacidade da família de se organizar, resolver ou prevenir eventos adversos, aumentar a renda e proporcionar mais tempo para as relações familiares e para o alcance da congruência, conforme evidenciado por outros autores. Conclusões: Os determinantes sociais proximais e intermediários da saúde influenciaram o nível de efetividade do funcionamento familiar.

Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de usuários em hemodiálise no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Sociodemographic and clinical profile of hemodialysis users in the south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico no Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo de corte transversal, realizado com aplicação de um questionário estruturado e revisão de prontuário de 335 adultos, em tratamento hemodialítico, provenientes de sete clínicas de Hemodiálise, distribuídas em cinco municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de março de 2016 a março de 2017. Foram avaliados os dados sociodemográficos, história familiar, hábitos de vida, etiologia da doença e comorbidades. Para análise, utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: Do total de 335 adultos em tratamento hemodialítico, 59% eram homens, 47% idosos, 59% com baixa renda familiar. O diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia da doença renal 28%, 50%, referiram dieta sem restrições, 59,8% ingerir diariamente mais de 800 ml de líquidos, incluindo bebidas alcoólicas em 10%, e 77,0% referiram anúria, 42% eram tabagistas pregressos e 24% relataram história familiar da doença, e em relação aos gastos como tratamento hemodialítico 80,3% referiram algum tipo de gasto, especialmente, com remédios para 88,4% e verificou-se a ocorrência de doenças infectocontagiosas, tais como hepatite B, C e HIV foi encontrado, respectivamente, em 3,9%, 7,5% e 2,1% da amostra. Conclusão: Os achados apontaram para necessidade de reorganização da atenção à doença renal crônica no âmbito dos serviços de atenção primária e secundária, visando a detecção precoce da doença e o controle clínico dos fatores de risco, incluindo o diabetes, principalmente em grupos socioeconômicos menos favorecidos, facilitando o acesso desta população aos serviços da rede de atenção à saúde.

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de personas en hemodiálisis en el sur de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. Se realizó con la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado y la revisión de historias clínicas de 335 personas adultas en hemodiálisis, de siete clínicas de hemodiálisis, distribuidas en cinco ciudades de Rio Grande do Sul, de marzo de 2016 a marzo de 2017. Se evaluaron datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes familiares, estilo de vida, etiología de la enfermedad y comorbilidades. Para el análisis, se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Del total de 335 personas adultas con hemodiálisis, 59 % eran hombres, 47 % personas adultas mayores, 59 % tenían bajos ingresos familiares. La diabetes mellitus fue la principal etiología de la enfermedad renal (28 %), un 50 % refirió una dieta sin restricciones, 59.8 % ingirió más de 800 ml de líquidos al día, incluidas bebidas alcohólicas (10 %), un 77 % refirió anuria, un 42 % refirió fumar anteriormente y un 24 % indicó antecedentes familiares de la enfermedad. En relación a los gastos por el tratamiento de hemodiálisis, un 80.3 % reportó algún tipo de gasto, especialmente, con medicamentos (88.4 %). Adicionalmente, se encontró la ocurrencia de enfermedades infecciosas, como hepatitis B, C y VIH, respectivamente, en 3.9 %, 7.5 % y 2.1 % de la muestra. Conclusión: Los hallazgos apuntaban a la necesidad de reorganizar la atención de la enfermedad renal crónica, en el ámbito de los servicios de atención primaria y secundaria. Lo anterior, con el objetivo de detectar en una etapa temprana la enfermedad, así como controlar factores de riesgo, incluida la diabetes, principalmente, en los grupos socioeconómicos menos favorecidos. De esta forma, se facilita el acceso de la población a los servicios de la red asistencial.

Aim: to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of people undergoing hemodialysis in the south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: This was a descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional study carried out with the application of a structured questionnaire and the review of the medical records of 335 adults undergoing hemodialysis from seven hemodialysis clinics distributed in five municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul from March 2016 to March 2017. The researchers evaluated the sociodemographic data, family history, lifestyle, etiology of the disease, and comorbidities; descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. Results: Of the 335 adults undergoing hemodialysis, 59% were men, 47% elderly, and 59% with low family income. Diabetes mellitus was the main etiology of kidney disease (28%); 50% reported an unrestricted diet and 59.8% ingested more than 800 ml of liquids daily, including 10% alcoholic beverages, and 77.0% reported anuria, 42% were previous smokers and 24% reported family history of the disease. In regards to expenses related to the hemodialysis treatment, 80.3% reported some type of expenditure, especially with medicines for 88.4%; the occurrence of infectious diseases, such as hepatitis B, C and HIV was found, respectively, in 3.9%, 7.5 % and 2.1% of the sample. Conclusion: The findings pointed to the need to reorganize the care for chronic kidney disease within the scope of primary and secondary care services; this with the aim of early detection of chronic kidney disease and the clinical control of risk factors, including diabetes, in in less favored socioeconomic groups mainly. This would facilitate the population's access to the services of the healthcare network.

Omalizumab versus cyclosporin-A for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: can we define better-responding endotypes?

Abstract Background: Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) is characterized by recurrent wheals and/or angioedema for longer than 6-weeks. Guidelines recommend Omalizumab (Oma) as first-line and Cyclosporine-A (Cs-A) as second-line treatment in antihistamine resistant CSU. This step-wise algorithm might be time-consuming and costly. Objective: To determine indicators of response to Oma or Cs-A in CSU patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from seven centers in Turkey; the inclusion criteria for patients were to receive both Oma and Cs-A treatment (not concurrently) at some point in time during their follow-up. Clinical and laboratory features were compared between groups. Results: Among 110 CSU patients; 47 (42.7%) were Oma-responders, 15 (13.6%) were Cs-A-responders, and 24 (21.8%) were both Oma and Cs-A responders and 24 (21.8%) were non-responders to either drug. High CRP levels were more frequent in Cs-A-responders (72.7% vs. 40.3%; p = 0.055). Oma-responders had higher baseline UCT (Urticaria Control Test) scores (6 vs. 4.5; p = 0.045). Responders to both drugs had less angioedema and higher baseline UCT scores compared to other groups (33.3% vs. 62.8%; p = 0.01 and 8 vs. 5; p = 0.017). Non-responders to both drugs had an increased frequency in the female gender and lower baseline UCT scores compared to other groups (87.5% vs. 61.6%; p = 0.017 and 5 vs. 7; p = 0.06). Study Limitations: Retrospective nature, limited number of patients, no control group, the lack of the basophil activation (BAT) or BHRA (basophil histamine release assay) tests. Conclusions: Baseline disease activity assessment, which considers the presence of angioedema and disease activity scores, gender, and CRP levels might be helpful to predict treatment outcomes in CSU patients and to choose the right treatment for each patient. Categorizing patients into particular endotypes could provide treatment optimization and increase treatment success. © 2022 Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. on behalf of Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Família, tomada de decisão e apoio dos profissionais nas unidades de terapia intensiva: revisão integrativa / Familia, toma de decisiones y apoyo de profesionales en unidades de cuidados intensivos: revisión integradora / Family, decision-making and support of professionals in intensive care units: an integrative review

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre condutas de apoio dos profissionais às famílias e a participação destas no processo de tomada de decisão diante da internação de um dos seus integrantes. Método: revisão integrativa nas bases Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e COCHRANE com os descritores: Intensive Care Units, Decision making, Family e Personal Satisfaction entre 2015 e 2019. Resultados: selecionados 17 artigos em três categorias: "aspectos relacionados com o apoio dos profissionais à família"; "Voz dos familiares como tomadores de decisões"; e "Estresse pós-traumático do familiar ao tomar decisões difíceis". Conclusão: evidenciou-se a importância do apoio dos profissionais por meio de comunicação clara e honesta, valorizando a família como participantes do cuidado no processo de tomadas de decisões na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the scientific production on support behaviors of professionals to families and their participation in the decision-making process before the hospitalization of one of their members. Method: integrative review in the Latin American and Caribbean bases in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and COCHRANE with the descriptors: Intensive Care Units, Decision making, Family, Personal Satisfaction between 2015 and 2019. Results: 17 articles were selected in three categories: "Aspects related to the support of professionals to the family"; "Voice of family members as decision makers"; and "Post-traumatic stress of the family member when making difficult decisions". Conclusion: the importance of support from professionals through clear and honest communication was evidenced, valuing the family as participants in the process of decision-making in the Intensive Care Unit.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la producción científica sobre las conductas de apoyo de los profesionales a las familias y su participación en la toma de decisiones cuando se hospitaliza a uno de sus miembros. Método: revisión integradora en las bases latinoamericanas y caribeñas en Ciencias de la Salud, Análisis de la Literatura Médica y Sistema de Retrieval Online y COCHRANE con los descriptores: Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Toma de Decisiones, Familia, Satisfacción Personal entre 2015 y 2019. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 17 artículos en tres categorías: "Aspectos relacionados con el apoyo de los profesionales a la familia"; "Voz de los familiares como tomadores de decisiones"; y "Estrés postraumático del familiar al tomar decisiones difíciles". Conclusión: se evidenció la importancia del apoyo de los profesionales a través de una comunicación clara y honesta, valorando a la familia como partícipe del cuidado en el proceso de toma de decisiones en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.(AU)

RhoA/ROCK-1 Signaling Pathway and Oxidative Stress in Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Abstract Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an ischemic condition that occurs as a result of partial or complete interruption of blood flow by narrowing or complete blockage of the vessels supplying the heart, which are called coronary arteries. Our objective in this study is to investigate the RhoA/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)-1 signaling pathway and oxidative stress in CAD patients. Methods: A total of 81 individuals aged between 40-70 years - including 45 patients (15 females and 30 males) who were admitted to the Artvin State Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic and were diagnosed with CAD and 36 healthy volunteers (15 females and 21 males) - participated in this study. Serum samples were tested for total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), RhoA, and ROCK-1 values. Results: Serum RhoA, MDA levels, and ROCK-1 activity in the CAD group were found to be statistically significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.001). Concordantly, serum SOD activity was found to be statistically significantly lower in the CAD group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Inhibition of the activity of RhoA/ROCK-1 pathway would be beneficial in treating cardiovascular diseases since this pathway plays an important role in the development of these diseases.

Role of TGF-?1 and PDGF-B in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Eastern Anatolia Region in Turkey

Background & objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum TGF-?1 and PDGFB levels with the pathogenesis, clinical course and prognosis of adult Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients. Methods: 50 adult patients and 30 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study, who were followed up and treated with the diagnosis of CCHF at the Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Clinic, between March 2017 and September 2019 in Eastern Anatolia Region in Turkey. Blood samples were taken from patients on the first day of their hospitalization and on the sixth day of their complaints. TGF-?1 and serum PDGF-B levels were studied by ELISA method using commercial kits, from serum samples taken from CCHF patient group and individuals in healthy control group and stored at -80°C. Results: While the serum TGF- ?1 levels of patients with CCHF were found to be significantly higher on the sixth day of their complaints compared to the first day of hospitalization (42.33 ± 15.42, 28.40 ± 7.06, p = 0.001, respectively), the serum PGDF-B levels were found to be significantly lower on the sixth day of their complaints compared to those measured on the day of hospitalization (62.14 ± 19.75, 93.96 ± 20.02, respectively, p = 0.001). Interpretation & conclusion: Serum TGF-?1 levels are higher and PDGF-B levels are lower in CCHF patients with severe disease, indicating that serum TGF-?1 and PDGF-B play an important role in the pathogenesis of CCHF

Capacidade institucional para o cuidado às pessoas com doenças crônicas na atenção primária à saúde / Institutional capacity for the care of people with chronic diseases in primary health care

Objetivo: investigar a capacidade institucional para o cuidado às pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na atenção primária à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo e exploratório. A coleta de dados utilizou o questionário, traduzido e adaptado para o Brasil, Assessment of Chronic Illness Care. A coleta de dados aconteceu entre dezembro de 2017 a junho de 2018. O instrumento foi respondido por 159 profissionais que atuavam em 49 unidades de atenção primária à saúde. Resultados: a capacidade para o cuidado às pessoas com doenças crônicas foi classificada como básica. Os componentes com melhor e pior nota atribuída foram, desenho do sistema de prestação de serviços e suporte à decisão clínica, respectivamente. Conclusão: os resultados deste estudo apontaram que é necessário investir, prioritariamente, em: feedback do especialista na contrarreferência, parcerias com a comunidade, especialmente nas unidades que atuam no modelo tradicional e capacitação dos profissionais para apoio ao autocuidado.

Objective: to investigate the institutional capacity for the care of people with chronic non-communicable diseases in primary health care. Method: cross-sectional, quantitative and exploratory study. Data collection used the questionnaire, translated and adapted for Brazil, Assessment of Chronic Illness Care. Data collection took place between December 2017 and June 2018. 159 professionals working in 49 primary health care units responded to the instrument. Results: the ability to care for people with chronic diseases was classified as basic. The components with the best and worst scores were the design of the service delivery system and clinical decision support, respectively. Conclusion: the results of this study showed that it is necessary to invest primarily in expert feedback on counter-reference, partnerships with the community, especially in units that work in the traditional model, and training of professionals to support self-care.

Estratégias de avaliação do sintoma de fadiga em pessoas com doença renal crônica: revisão sistemática / Strategies for assessing the symptom of fatigue in people with chronic kidney disease: systematic review / Estrategias para evaluar el síntoma de fatiga en personas con enfermedad renal crónica: revisión sistemática

Introdução: A avaliação do sintoma de fadiga em pessoas com doença renal crônica tem sido um desafio para enfermagem por tratar-se de um sintoma subjetivo e associado a outras comorbidades. Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias de avaliação do sintoma de fadiga em pessoas com doença renal crônica. Método: Estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada em três bases de dados (PubMed/MEDLINE, BIREME e LILACS), utilizando os descritores "Renal Insufficiency, Chronic", "Fatigue" e foram verificados os níveis de evidência dos estudos. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se um instrumento de avaliação dos itens e análise descritiva. Resultados: Atenderam aos critérios de inclusão 36 estudos que avaliaram a prevalência de fadiga em 7.587 pessoas com doença renal crônica em 15 países, em quatro continentes; os fatores preditivos foram as características individuais, psicossociais, clínicas e comorbidades; as estratégias de avaliação incluíram 40 instrumentos, informações sociodemograficas e clínicas. Quanto ao nível de evidência, os estudos se concentram nos níveis três e quatro. Considerações finais: A prevalência e os fatores preditivos podem ser manejados com o uso de estratégias de avaliação, válidas para avaliar o sintoma de fadiga em pessoas com doença renal crônica, bem como, com intervenções confiáveis, como a suplementação nutricional, hipnose, acupuntura, ergometria de pernas intradialíticas e apoio social, os quais podem ser adotados pela enfermagem em unidades de nefrologia para promoverem a redução da prevalência do sintoma de fadiga.

Background: The evaluation of fatigue symptom in people with chronic kidney disease has been a challenge for nursing because it is a subjective symptom and associated with other comorbidities. Aim: To analyze the scientific evidence on the prevalence, predictive factors and strategies for the assessment of fatigue symptoms in people with chronic kidney disease. Method: Systematic literature review study conducted in three databases (PubMed / MEDLINE, BIREME and LILACS) using the descriptors "Renal Insufficiency, Chronic", "Fatigue" and the levels of evidence of the studies were verified. For data analysis we used an item evaluation instrument and descriptive analysis. Results: Inclusion criteria were 36 studies that assessed the prevalence of fatigue in 7,587 people with chronic kidney disease in 15 countries in four-continents; predictive factors were individual, psychosocial, clinical and comorbidities; the evaluation strategies included 40 instruments, sociodemographic and clinical information. As for the level of evidence, studies focus on levels three and four. Final considerations: Prevalence and predictive factors can be managed using valid assessment strategies to assess the symptom of fatigue in people with chronic kidney disease, as well as with reliable interventions such as nutritional supplementation, hypnosis, acupuncture, intradialitic leg ergometry and social support, which can be adopted by nursing in nephrology units to promote a reduction in the prevalence of fatigue symptoms.

Introducción: La evaluación de los síntomas de fatiga en personas con enfermedad renal crónica ha sido un desafío para la enfermería porque es un síntoma subjetivo y está asociado con otras comorbilidades. Objetivo: analizar la evidencia científica sobre la prevalencia, los factores predictivos y las estrategias para la evaluación de los síntomas de fatiga en personas con enfermedad renal crónica. Método: Estudio sistemático de revisión de literatura realizado en tres bases de datos (PubMed / MEDLINE, BIREME y LILACS) utilizando los descriptores "Insuficiencia renal, crónica", "Fatiga" y los niveles de evidencia de los estudios fueron verificados. Para el análisis de datos utilizamos un instrumento de evaluación de ítems y un análisis descriptivo. Resultados: Los criterios de inclusión fueron 36 estudios que evaluaron la prevalencia de fatiga en 7,587 personas con enfermedad renal crónica en 15 países en cuatro continentes; los factores predictivos fueron individuales, psicosociales, clínicos y comorbilidades; Las estrategias de evaluación incluyeron 40 instrumentos, información sociodemográfica y clínica. En cuanto al nivel de evidencia, los estudios se centran en los niveles tres y cuatro. Consideraciones finales: la prevalencia y los factores predictivos se pueden manejar utilizando estrategias de evaluación válidas para evaluar los síntomas de fatiga en personas con enfermedad renal crónica, así como con intervenciones confiables como suplementos nutricionales, hipnosis, acupuntura, ergometría intradialítica de piernas y apoyo social, que puede ser adoptado por enfermería en unidades de nefrología para promover una reducción en la prevalencia de síntomas de fatiga.

Validity and reliability of the brazilian version of the instrument the assessment strategies in families-effectiveness (asf-e) / Validez y confiabilidad de la versión brasileña del instrumento the strategies in families-effectiveness asf-e/brasil / Validade e confiabilidade da versão brasileira do instrumento the strategies in families-effectiveness asf-e/brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: to test the psychometric validity of an instrument to assess family effectiveness strategies and its reliability for use with Brazilian families. Method: this is a methodological study, content validation, construct, criterion, which used exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and reliability. The sample consisted of 100 families. Data were collected from October 2017 to March 2018. Results: the percentage of agreement among family health experts was 100%, with a perfect Content Validity Index and reliability (1.00). For the target audience (pre-test), 89.3% of agreement and Content Validity Index of 0.89 were obtained. Construct validity had a total explained variance of 73.8%. The concurrent criterion validity presented a correlation coefficient (ρ) of 0.75 (p = 0.004). Reliability had a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.82 for the full scale and a range of 0.62 to 0.82 in the instrument's goals. Conclusion: the instrument proved to be valid and reliable to assess the effectiveness of the functioning of Brazilian families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: probar la validez psicométrica del instrumento para evaluar las estrategias de efectividad familiar y su confiabilidad para su uso con familias brasileñas. Método: estudio metodológico, validación de contenido, constructo, criterio, mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio y confiabilidad. La muestra estuvo formada por 100 familias. Los datos se recopilaron desde octubre de 2017 hasta marzo de 2018. Resultados: el porcentaje de concordancia entre los especialistas en Salud de la Familia fue del 100%, con un perfecto Índice de Validez de Contenido y confiabilidad (1,00). Para la población objetivo (pre-test), se obtuvo 89,3% de acuerdo y un Índice de Validez de Contenido de 0,89. La validez de constructo tuvo una varianza explicada total del 73,8%. La validez del criterio concurrente presentó un coeficiente de correlación (ρ) de 0,75 (p = 0,004). La confiabilidad tuvo un coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0.82 para la escala completa y un rango de 0.62 a 0.82 en las metas del instrumento. Conclusión: el instrumento demostró ser válido y confiable para evaluar la efectividad del funcionamiento de las familias brasileñas.

RESUMO Objetivo: testar a validade psicométrica do instrumento de avaliação das estratégias de efetividade familiar e a confiabilidade para uso com famílias brasileiras. Método: estudo metodológico, de validação de conteúdo, construto, critério, pela Análise Fatorial Exploratória e confirmatória e confiabilidade. A amostra foi composta por 100 famílias. Os dados foram coletados no período de outubro de 2017 a março de 2018. Resultados: o percentual de concordância entre os especialistas em Saúde da Família foi de 100%, com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e confiabilidade perfeitos (1,00). Para a população-alvo (pré-teste), obtiveram-se 89,3% de concordância e Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,89. A validade de construto apresentou variância total explicada de 73,8%. A validade do critério concorrente apresentou coeficiente de correlação (ρ) de 0,75 (p=0,004). A confiabilidade apresentou coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0,82 para a escala total e variação de 0,62 a 0,82 nas metas do instrumento. Conclusão: o instrumento mostrou-se válido e confiável para avaliar a efetividade do funcionamento das famílias brasileiras.

Características laborais e atitudes de enfermeiros no cuidado às famílias na atenção primária à saúde / Work characteristics and attitudes of nurses in caring for families in primary health care / Características laborales y actitudes de los enfermeros en la atención familiar en la atención primaria de salud

Objetivo: identificar a repercussão das características laborais nas atitudes de apoio dos enfermeiros no cuidado às famílias, no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, com 71 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Utilizou-se um formulário para caracterizar os participantes e a escala Importância das Famílias nos Cuidados de Enfermagem ­ Atitude dos Enfermeiros. Aplicou-se estatística descritiva e analítica, estratificando os escores da escala pelas características dos enfermeiros. Resultados: verificou-se atitude de apoio dos enfermeiros 80,9±7,8, com significância estatística para a diferença de escore médio na subescala 2, que avalia a família como recurso dos cuidados de enfermagem, entre os da Estratégia Saúde da Família, quando comparados aos de unidades tradicionais. Conclusão: as características laborais dos enfermeiros repercutem na atitude de apoio dos profissionais em relação às famílias, influenciadas pelo modelo de unidade de trabalho, localização, oferta de capacitação profissional e tempo de atuação na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

Objective: to identify the impact of work characteristics on supportive attitudes of nurses in family care in the context of primary health care. Method: cross-sectional study with 71 primary health care nurses. A form was used to characterize the participants and the Families' Importance in Nursing Care ­ Nurses' Attitudes scale was applied. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied, stratifying the scale scores according to the characteristics of the nurses. Results: there was an attitude of support from nurses 80.9±7.8, with significant difference between nurses of the Family Health Strategy when compared to those of traditional units in the mean score in subscale 2, which evaluates the family as a resource for nursing care. Conclusion: the work characteristics of nurses affect the supportive attitude of professionals towards families, influenced by the work unit model, location, offer of professional training, and length of experience in Primary Health Care.

Objetivo: identificar la repercusión de las características del trabajo en las actitudes de apoyo de los enfermeros en la atención familiar, en el contexto de la atención primaria de salud. Método: estudio transversal involucrando a 71 enfermeros de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Se utilizó un formulario para caracterizar a los participantes y la escala Importancia de las Familias en la Atención de Enfermería ­ Actitud de los Enfermeros. Se aplicaron estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas, estratificando las puntuaciones de la escala según las características de los enfermeros. Resultados: se notó una actitud de apoyo de los enfermeros de 80,9±7,8, con significación estadística para la diferencia de la puntuación media en la subescala 2, que evalúa la familia como recurso de la atención de la enfermería, entre los de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar, cuando se comparan con los de las unidades tradicionales. Conclusión: las características laborales de los enfermeros repercuten en la actitud de apoyo de los profesionales en relación con las familias, influenciadas por el modelo de unidad de trabajo, la localización, la oferta de capacitación profesional y el tiempo de permanencia en la Atención Primaria de Salud.